Kapasitas Adsorpsi dan Efektivitas Karbon Aktif Pelepah Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) untuk Mengadsorpsi Ion Logam Tembaga (Cu2+)

Abstract

Palm fronds waste have a carbon content of 81.25%, which is quite high, making them suitable for use as activated carbon adsorbents that are beneficial for anticipating or minimizing the occurrence of Cu²⁺ ion pollution in the environment. This research aims to analyze the effect of contact time and mass of palm fronds activated carbon adsorbent on the adsorption of Cu²⁺ ions, the adsorption capacity of the palm fronds activated carbon adsorbent, and the effectiveness of the palm fronds activated carbon adsorbent in adsorbing Cu²⁺ ions. The research stages began with preparing palm frond samples with a size of (-80/+100) mesh, which was then activated with H₃PO₄ and 3M HCl for 24 hours. Based on the results, the best adsorbent characteristics used H₃PO₄ as the activator. The adsorption process was carried out with mass variations (10, 15, 20) g, contact times of (30, 60, 90, 120) minutes with a stirring speed of 90 rpm, and an adsorbate concentration of copper ions (Cu²⁺) of 10 mg/L. The optimal adsorption capacity obtained with the H₃PO₄ activator was at a contact time of 90 minutes with an adsorbent mass of 10 g, amounting to 0.965 mg/g. The highest adsorption effectiveness was found at a contact time of 90 minutes with an adsorbent amount of 20 g of palm frond activated carbon, which was 99.76%.