Date Log
Submitted
Jul 15, 2022
Accepted
Aug 7, 2023
Published
Mar 30, 2022
K Karakteristik Magnetic Biochar Sebagai Adsorben Untuk Pemanfaatan Kembali Buangan Akhir POME Untuk Air Baku Industri
Corresponding Author(s) : Kesni savitri savitri
Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Science,
Vol 3 No 1 (2022): Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical and Environmental Engineering
Abstract
The current problem in the Palm oil industry is POME's final discharge failed to comply with discharge standards. This study aims to treat POME final discharge using magnetic biochars (MBC) and treated water can be reused as raw water for the palm oil industry. MBC were successfully produced from palm fronds through the pyrolysis process together with FeCl3.6H2O modification. MBC were characterized by acquiring elemental, functional groups, morphological and magnetic properties of adsorbent. The characterization showed embedded iron oxide crystals within the biochar structure with a magnetic strength of 12,14 emu/g which can assist the separation process of the powdered adsorbent from the treated water. The highest removal of COD, TSS, and color was 72.72%, 77.95%, and 84.30%, respectively with an 8.55 g/l magnetic biochar dosage and 150 minutes contact time. However, the results of the final POME effluent treatment have not all of the parameters reached the industrial water quality standard class 3.
Keywords
Adsorption, characterization,magnetic biochar, palm frond, POME
savitri, K. savitri. (2022). K Karakteristik Magnetic Biochar Sebagai Adsorben Untuk Pemanfaatan Kembali Buangan Akhir POME Untuk Air Baku Industri. Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Science, 3(1), 20-29. https://doi.org/10.31258/jbchees.3.1.20-29
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References
References
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Saleh, S., Khairul B.K., Wan, A.W.A.K.G., dan Loh, S.K. 2016. "Removal of Organic Contaminant from Aqueous Solution Using Magnetic Biochar," International Conference on Process Engineering and Advanced Materials. Vol. 148, pp. 228-235. 2016
Shintawati, Hasanudin, U., dan Haryanto, Agus, 2017. "Karakteristik Pengolahan Limbah Cair Pabrik Minyak Kelapa Sawit dalam Bioreaktor Cigar Semi Kontinu," Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung, Vol.6, No. 2, pp. 81-88
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Wang, J., Zhang, M., Zhou, R., Li, J., Zhao, W., dan Zhou, J., 2020. "Adsorption mechanism of norfloxacin in water by γ-Fe2O3@BC," IWA Publishing 2020 Water Science & Technology, Vol. 82, No.2, pp. 242-253
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Yap, M.W., Mubarak, N.M., Sahu, J.N., dan Abdullah, E.C. 2016."Microwave Induced Synthesis of Magnetic Biochar from Agricultural Biomass for Removal Of Lead And Cadmium from Wastewater," Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry,pp. 1-27, september 2016
Yin, Z., Liu, Y., Liu, S., Jiang, L., Tan, X., Zeng, G., Li, M., Liu, S., Tan, S., dan Fang, Y. 2018, "Activated magnetic biochar by one-step synthesis: Enhanced adsorption and coadsorption for 17β-estradiol and copper," Sci. of the total environment, Vol.639, pp. 1530-1542. Journal homepage: www.elsecier.com/locate/scitotenv
Zainal, N.H., Jalani, N.F., Mamat, R., Astimar, A.A., 2018b. A review on the development of palm oil mill effluent (POME) final discharge polishing treatments. J. Oil Palm Res. 29, 528e540. https://doi.org/10.21894/jopr.2017.00012
Zainol, M., M, N. A. S. Amin., Asmadi M. 2017. "Preparation and Characterization of Impregnated Magnetic Particles on Oil Palm Frond Activated Carbon for Metal Ions Removal," Sains Malaysiana, Vol. 46, No.5, pp.773–782. 2017, doi: 10.17576/jsm.2017.4605.12
Zhang, Ming., Bin, G., Sima, V., Arthur, H., Ying, Y., dan Mandu, I. 2013a, "Preparation and Characterization of A Novel Magnetic Biochar for Arsenic Removal," Bioresource Technology, Vol. 130,pp. 457-462, November 2012
Deng, Y., Zhang, T., dan Wang, Q. 2017. "Biochar Adsorption Treatment for Typical Pollutants Removal in Livestock Wastewater: A Review," Intech. pp. 72-82.2017
Fisli, A., Rahma D. S., Nurhasni dan Deswita. 2018. "Analisis Struktur dan Porositas Komposit Fe3O4-Karbon Aktif dari Limbah Kertas Sebagai Adsorben Magnetik," J. sains materi indonesia, Vol. 19, pp.179-187, Juli 2018.
Han, Z., Sani, B., Mrozik, W., Obst, M., Beckingham, B., Karapanagioti, H.K dan Werner, D.2016. "Magnetite impregnation effects on the sorbent properties of activated carbons and biochars", Water Research, Vol.70, pp. 394-403
Joshi, S., Garg, V. K., Kataria, N., and Kadirvelu. 2019. "Applications of Fe3O4@AC Nanoparticles for Dye Removal from Simulated Wastewater," Chemosphere 236, No.124280,pp 1-11. 2019
Khadaroo, S. N. B. A, Grassia, P., Gouwanda, D., Poh, P.E. 2019. "Is the dewatering of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) feasible? Effect of temperature on POME's rheological properties and compressive behavior," Chemical Eng. Science, vol. 202, pp. 519-528, Maret 2019
Kementrian Perindustrian, (2011). Potensi limbah padat perkebunan sawit. Jakarta.
Lam, S.S., Liew, R.K., Cheng, C.K., Rasit, N., Ooi, C.K., Ma, N.L., Ng, J.-H., Lam, W.H., Chong, C.T., Chase, H.A., 2018b. "Pyrolysis production of fruit peel biochar for potential use treatment of palm oil mill effluent," J. Environ. Manag. Vol.213, 400e408. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.02.092
Lawal, A.A., Hassan, M.A., Farid, M.A.A., Yasim-Anuar, T.A.T., Yusoff, M.Z.M., Zakaria, M.R., Roslan, A.M., Mokhtar, M.N., Shirai, Y., 2020b. "Production of biochar from oil palm frond by steam pyrolysis for removal of residual contaminants in palm oil mill effluent final discharge," J. Clean. Prod., Vol. 265, No. 121643, April 2020
Liu, L., Fan, S., and Li, Y. 2018. "Removal Behavior of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution by Tea Waste: Kinetics, Isotherm and Mechanism," International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol.15, No. 1321,pp 1-16. 2018
Mohammad, S.; Baidurah, S.; Kobayashi, T.; Ismail, N.; Leh, C.P. Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment Processes—A Review. Processes 2021, 9, 739. https://doi.org/10.3390/ pr9050739
Mubarak, N.M., Sahu, J.N, Abdullah, N.S dan Jayakumar, N.S. 2016. "Plam oil empty fruit bunch based magnetic biochar composite comparison for synthesis by microwave-assisted and conventional heating," Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, doi: 10.1016/j.jaap.2016.06.02
Mubarak, N.M., Sahu, J.N, Abdullah, N.S dan Jayakumar, N.S. 2016. "Plam oil empty fruit bunch based magnetic biochar composite comparison for synthesis by microwave-assisted and conventional heating," Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, doi: 10.1016/j.jaap.2016.06.02
Munandar, A., Muhammad, S. dan Mulyati, S. 2016."Penyisihan COD dari Limbah Cair Kelapa Sawit menggunakan Nano Karbon Akti,"Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia dan Lingkungan, Vol. 11, No.1, pp. 24 - 31, Juni 2016, Doi: 10.23955/rkl.v11i1.4231
Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup Republik Indonesia Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah.
Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 22 Tahun 2021 tentang Penyelenggaraan Perlindungan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup.
Reddy, D.H.K, and S.M. Lee. 2014. "Magnetic biochar composite: Facile synthesis, characterization and application for heavy metal removal," Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, Vol.03, No.105,pp 1-29, Maret 2014, doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.03.105
Ruthiraan, M., Abdullah, E.C., Mubarak, N.M., dan Norainia, M.N. 2017. "A Promising Route of Magnetic Based Materials for Removal of Cadmium And Methylene Blue from Waste Water," J. of Environmental Chemical Eng. Vol. 5, pp.1447–1455, 2017
Said, M., Hassimi A.H,, Mohd, T.M.N., dan Abdul, W.M. 2015. "Removal of COD, TSS and Colour from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Using Montmorillonite," Desalination and Water Treatment, Vol. 57, No. 23, pp. 10490-10497. 2015
Saleh, S., Khairul B.K., Wan, A.W.A.K.G., dan Loh, S.K. 2016. "Removal of Organic Contaminant from Aqueous Solution Using Magnetic Biochar," International Conference on Process Engineering and Advanced Materials. Vol. 148, pp. 228-235. 2016
Shintawati, Hasanudin, U., dan Haryanto, Agus, 2017. "Karakteristik Pengolahan Limbah Cair Pabrik Minyak Kelapa Sawit dalam Bioreaktor Cigar Semi Kontinu," Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung, Vol.6, No. 2, pp. 81-88
Tomin, O. dan M. R. Yazdani, "Production and characterization of porous magnetic biochar: before and after phosphate adsorption insights," Journal of Porous Matarials, vol. 29, pp. 849-859, Maret. 2022, doi: 10.1007/s10934.022.01217.1
Wang, J., Zhang, M., Zhou, R., Li, J., Zhao, W., dan Zhou, J., 2020. "Adsorption mechanism of norfloxacin in water by γ-Fe2O3@BC," IWA Publishing 2020 Water Science & Technology, Vol. 82, No.2, pp. 242-253
Xin, O., Yitong, H., Xi, C., & Jiawei, C. 2016, "Magnetic biochar combining adsorption and separation recycle for removal of chromium in aqueous solution," Water Science and Technology, vol.75, No.5,pp 1177–1184, 2016
Yap, M.W., Mubarak, N.M., Sahu, J.N., dan Abdullah, E.C. 2016."Microwave Induced Synthesis of Magnetic Biochar from Agricultural Biomass for Removal Of Lead And Cadmium from Wastewater," Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry,pp. 1-27, september 2016
Yin, Z., Liu, Y., Liu, S., Jiang, L., Tan, X., Zeng, G., Li, M., Liu, S., Tan, S., dan Fang, Y. 2018, "Activated magnetic biochar by one-step synthesis: Enhanced adsorption and coadsorption for 17β-estradiol and copper," Sci. of the total environment, Vol.639, pp. 1530-1542. Journal homepage: www.elsecier.com/locate/scitotenv
Zainal, N.H., Jalani, N.F., Mamat, R., Astimar, A.A., 2018b. A review on the development of palm oil mill effluent (POME) final discharge polishing treatments. J. Oil Palm Res. 29, 528e540. https://doi.org/10.21894/jopr.2017.00012
Zainol, M., M, N. A. S. Amin., Asmadi M. 2017. "Preparation and Characterization of Impregnated Magnetic Particles on Oil Palm Frond Activated Carbon for Metal Ions Removal," Sains Malaysiana, Vol. 46, No.5, pp.773–782. 2017, doi: 10.17576/jsm.2017.4605.12
Zhang, Ming., Bin, G., Sima, V., Arthur, H., Ying, Y., dan Mandu, I. 2013a, "Preparation and Characterization of A Novel Magnetic Biochar for Arsenic Removal," Bioresource Technology, Vol. 130,pp. 457-462, November 2012